Military Hardware

I'm thinking the Navy needs to hire Emily Litella to be its new spokesperson...

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U.S. Navy intends to decommission some of its newest warships​

pressherald.com/2022/04/07/us-navy-intends-to-decommission-some-of-its-newest-warships/

By DAVID SHARP April 7, 2022
US_Navy_Ship_Cuts_10257-1649334449.jpg

PORTLAND — The Navy that once wanted smaller, speedy warships to chase down pirates has made a speedy pivot to Russia and China — and many of those recently built ships could be retired.

The U.S. Navy wants to decommission nine ships in the Freedom-class of littoral combat ships — warships that cost about $4.5 billion altogether to build.

The Navy contends in its budget proposal that the move would free up $50 million per ship annually for other priorities. But it would also reduce the size of the fleet that’s already surpassed by China in sheer numbers, something that could cause members of Congress to balk.

Adm. Mike Gilday, chief of naval operations, defended the proposal that emphasizes long-range weapons and modern warships, while shedding other ships ill equipped to face current threats.

“We need a ready, capable, lethal force more than we need a bigger force that’s less ready, less lethal, and less capable,” he said Monday at the Navy League’s Sea-Air-Space symposium in Maryland.

All told, the Navy wants to scrap 24 ships, including five cruisers and a pair of Los Angeles-class submarines, as part of its cost-cutting needed to maintain the existing fleet and build modern warships. Those cuts surpass the proposed nine ships to be built.

Most of them are older vessels. However, the littoral combat ships that are targeted are young. The oldest of them is 10 years old.

The Navy envisioned fast, highly maneuverable warships capable of operating in near-shore, littoral waters when it announced the program a few months after Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. The ships topped 50 mph (80 kph) — fast enough to chase down pirates — and utilized steerable waterjets instead of conventional propellers.

The ships were supposed to be made versatile through plug-and-play mission modules for surface combat, mine-sweeping operations or anti-submarine warfare. But those mission modules were beset by problems, and the anti-submarine capability was canceled in the new budget.

And what about that speed? The fastest ship can’t outrun missiles, and firing up those marine turbines for an extra burst of speed turned the ships into gas guzzlers, analysts said. Early versions also were criticized as too lightly armed and armored to survive combat.

The speedy Freedom-class ships proposed for decommissioning feature a traditional steel hull. That entire class of ships suffers from a propulsion defect that will be costly repair. The Navy proposes keeping a second variant, the aluminum Independence class.

U.S. Senate Armed Services Chair Jim Inhofe said the program was plagued by troubles from the start, and that “moving forward the Navy must avoid similar acquisition disasters.”

U.S. Rep. Elaine Luria, D-Virginia, was more blunt, tweeting that it “sucks” to be decommissioning so many ships, especially newer ones.

“The Navy owes a public apology to American taxpayers for wasting tens of billions of dollars on ships they now say serve no purpose,” she said.

Some detractors proclaimed littoral combat ships to be the Navy’s “Little Crappy Ship,” but that’s not fair, said defense analyst Loren Thompson.

“It’s not a little crappy ship. It does what it was supposed to do. What it was supposed to do isn’t enough for the kind of threats that we face today,” said Thompson, from the Lexington Institute.

In the Navy’s defense, threats shifted swiftly from the Cold War to the war on terror to the current Great Power Competition in which Russia and China are asserting themselves, he said.

In the end, the Navy may be content with smaller numbers of Freedom-class ships for maritime security and small surface combatant operations, said Bryan Clark, defense analyst at the Hudson Institute.

Congress must sign off on the Navy’s proposal to decommission ships ahead of their projected service life.
The House Armed Services Committee on Tuesday grilled Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin and Army Gen. Mark Milley, chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, on the proposal.

U.S. Rep. Rob Wittman, R-Virginia, suggested the ship cuts were “grossly irresponsible” when the U.S. Navy has dipped from 318 ships to 297, while the Chinese fleet has grown from 210 to 360 ships over the past two decades.

Milley said it’s important to focus on the Navy’s capabilities rather than the size of its fleet.
“I would bias towards capability rather than just sheer numbers,” he said.
 
they've been underwhelmed by them since they started coming into service - waste of large amount of money
 
I see these constantly flying overhead between Naval Station Norfolk & Wallops Flight Facility on Wallops
Island practicing Carrier landings - impressive looking craft. They are sometimes accompanied by F18's.

Now that's quite a sight..


used to fly them out of Bethpage. I did a lot of background investigations on the engineers and pilots.
 

How Did a World War II ‘Ghost Boat’ End Up in a Shallow Lake in California?​

The 36-foot boat carried U.S. troops during the invasion of Sicily and the Battle of Tarawa in the Pacific, officials said. How it ended up in Lake Shasta is a mystery.


The military landing craft sank in the Pacific in 1943 and was later salvaged, officials said.

The military landing craft sank in the Pacific in 1943 and was later salvaged, officials said. Credit...Shasta-Trinity National Forest

If the rumors were true, the remains of a World War II-era boat were partially submerged somewhere in the shallow waters of Lake Shasta in Northern California.

James Dunsdon, a volunteer firefighter who collects military vehicles, was determined to find it. One day last fall, he hiked for miles along the lake’s receding shoreline. Then he spotted it, plainly visible and partly exposed: a remarkably preserved 36-foot military landing craft.

“It just came over the horizon like a ghost,” he said. “There it was with original World War II paint and timbers and steel and in the position with the ramp down.” It was as if the boat had sunk while making a beach landing, he said.

The Higgins boat had once carried American troops into battle during the Allied invasion of Sicily in the summer of 1943, a seminal moment in the war in Europe. It was then deployed in the Battle of Tarawa in the Pacific that fall, when U.S. forces invaded the Japanese-held Gilbert Islands (now part of the nation of Kiribati), according to the Shasta-Trinity National Forest, which is part of the U.S. Forest Service.

The boat sank during that battle, in which more than 1,000 U.S. service members were killed, according to Mr. Dunsdon, whose research into the boat’s history was cited by the Forest Service. It was later salvaged.

Inside the shell of the boat that was found in Lake Shasta.

Inside the shell of the boat that was found in Lake Shasta.Credit...Shasta-Trinity National Forest

Now, Mr. Dunsdon and others want to know how the sturdy ship-to-shore craft, which the Forest Service refers to as “the ghost boat,” ended up at the bottom of Lake Shasta, where it might have remained forever if a severe drought had not brought it closer to the surface.

“Someone has to know,” said Gerald Meyer, executive director of the Nebraska National Guard Museum in Seward, Neb., which plans to display the boat once it is stabilized enough to transport. “Someone is going to say: ‘I know. I remember Bob bought that boat back in ’54.’ But that person has yet to be found.”

The ramp of the boat was marked with the numbers 31-17, which meant that it had been assigned to the U.S.S. Monrovia, a Navy attack transport ship that had served as Gen. George S. Patton’s headquarters during the invasion of Sicily, according to the Forest Service. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower was also on this ship at that time, the Forest Service said.

About 23,000 Higgins boats were made during World War II, Mr. Meyer said, and they were credited with helping to change the way the war was fought by giving American troops easier access to open beaches, where they invaded. Equipped with guns and a stern ramp, the boats were designed to travel in shallow waters and allow fighting forces to disembark quickly. Only about 20 remain today, Mr. Meyer said.
“These landing craft were used in every amphibious invasion of World War II,” Mr. Meyer said. “To find one 75 years later in the bottom of a lake in California — it really is a miracle.”

The Nebraska National Guard Museum is about 50 miles south of Columbus, Neb., the birthplace of Andrew Jackson Higgins, the designer of the Higgins boat who served in the Nebraska National Guard.

Higgins boats were made out of mahogany plywood, and the boat in Lake Shasta is believed to have stayed preserved over the years by Lake Shasta’s cold water.

Higgins boats were made out of mahogany plywood, and the boat in Lake Shasta is believed to have stayed preserved over the years by Lake Shasta’s cold water. Credit...Shasta-Trinity National Forest

Jerry E. Strahan, the author of “Andrew Jackson Higgins and the Boats that Won World War II,” said a few of the boats have turned up in recent years, including one that was found in a barn in the Midwest. But he said it was remarkable to find one preserved in a lake, given that they were made of mahogany plywood.

“Wooden boats weren’t meant to last that long,” he said. “But I’d imagine that being underwater in a cold-water lake, away from oxygen, allowed it to survive.”

The discovery is a reminder of the way severe drought, worsened by climate change, is revealing long-hidden elements of the past, including submerged World War II relics in Europe, sets of human remains at Lake Mead outside Las Vegas and dinosaur tracks in Texas. A sunken Higgins boat also emerged in Lake Mead in July, according to The Las Vegas Review-Journal.

As of August, Shasta County was experiencing its driest year to date over the past 128 years, according to federal data, as much of the West has been seared by long-term drought.

Mr. Meyer said his best guess is that the Higgins boat in Lake Shasta belonged to a private owner who bought it at a government surplus sale after the war. Perhaps the owner was a rancher who used it to cross the lake and tend to cattle grazing on the shoreline, he said. Other theories suggest it might have been operated by a logging company or government agency.

“As to why they sank it, we just don’t know,” Mr. Dunsdon said. “Nobody knows. And anybody who probably remembers that is probably very, very old or they’re dead and gone.”
 
Pentagon debuts its new stealth bomber, the B-21 Raider
pressherald.com/2022/12/02/pentagon-debuts-its-new-stealth-bomber-the-b-21-raider/

By TARA COPPDecember 3, 2022
PALMDALE , Calif. — America’s newest nuclear stealth bomber made its debut Friday after years of secret development and as part of the Pentagon’s answer to rising concerns over a future conflict with China.
The B-21 Raider is the first new American bomber aircraft in more than 30 years. Almost every aspect of the program is classified.
United States New Bomber

The B-21 Raider stealth bomber is unveiled at Northrop Grumman on Friday in Palmdale, Calif. Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press

As evening fell over the Air Force’s Plant 42 in Palmdale, the public got its first glimpse of the Raider in a tightly controlled ceremony. It started with a flyover of the three bombers still in service: the B-52 Stratofortress, the B-1 Lancer and the B-2 Spirit. Then the hangar doors slowly opened and the B-21 was towed partially out of the building.

“This isn’t just another airplane,” Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said. “It’s the embodiment of America’s determination to defend the republic that we all love.”

The B-21 is part of the Pentagon’s efforts to modernize all three legs of its nuclear triad, which includes silo-launched nuclear ballistic missiles and submarine-launched warheads, as it shifts from the counterterrorism campaigns of recent decades to meet China’s rapid military modernization.

China is on track to have 1,500 nuclear weapons by 2035, and its gains in hypersonics, cyber warfare and space capabilities present “the most consequential and systemic challenge to U.S. national security and the free and open international system,” the Pentagon said this week in its annual China report.

”We needed a new bomber for the 21st Century that would allow us to take on much more complicated threats, like the threats that we fear we would one day face from China, Russia, ” said Deborah Lee James, the Air Force secretary when the Raider contract was announced in 2015.

While the Raider may resemble the B-2, once you get inside, the similarities stop, said Kathy Warden, chief executive of Northrop Grumman Corp., which is building the bomber.

“The way it operates internally is extremely advanced compared to the B-2, because the technology has evolved so much in terms of the computing capability that we can now embed in the software of the B-21,” Warden said.
United States New Bomber

Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin introduces the B-21 Raider stealth at Northrop Grumman on Friday in Palmdale, Calif. The B-21 Raider is the first new American bomber aircraft in more than 30 years. Marcio Jose Sanchez/Associated Press

Other changes include advanced materials used in coatings to make the bomber harder to detect, Austin said.

“Fifty years of advances in low-observable technology have gone into this aircraft,” Austin said. “Even the most sophisticated air defense systems will struggle to detect a B-21 in the sky.”

Other advances likely include new ways to control electronic emissions, so the bomber could spoof adversary radars and disguise itself as another object, and use of new propulsion technologies, several defense analysts said.

“It is incredibly low observability,” Warden said. “You’ll hear it, but you really won’t see it.”

Six Raiders are in production. The Air Force plans to build 100 that can deploy either nuclear weapons or conventional bombs and can be used with or without a human crew. Both the Air Force and Northrop also point to the Raider’s relatively quick development: The bomber went from contract award to debut in seven years. Other new fighter and ship programs have taken decades.

The cost of the bombers is unknown. The Air Force previously put the price at an average cost of $550 million each in 2010 dollars — roughly $753 million today — but it’s unclear how much is actually being spent. The total will depend on how many bombers the Pentagon buys.

“We will soon fly this aircraft, test it, and then move it into production. And we will build the bomber force in numbers suited to the strategic environment ahead,” Austin said.

The undisclosed cost troubles government watchdogs.

“It might be a big challenge for us to do our normal analysis of a major program like this,” said Dan Grazier, a senior defense policy fellow at the Project on Government Oversight. “It’s easy to say that the B-21 is still on schedule before it actually flies. Because it’s only when one of these programs goes into the actual testing phase when real problems are discovered.” That, he said, is when schedules start to slip and costs rise.

The B-2 was also envisioned to be a fleet of more than 100 aircraft, but the Air Force built only 21, due to cost overruns and a changed security environment after the Soviet Union fell. Fewer than that are ready to fly on any given day due to the significant maintenance needs of the aging bomber.

The B-21 Raider, which takes its name from the 1942 Doolittle Raid over Tokyo, will be slightly smaller than the B-2 to increase its range, Warden said. It won’t make its first flight until 2023. However, Warden said Northrop Grumman has used advanced computing to test the bomber’s performance using a digital twin, a virtual replica of the one unveiled Friday.

Ellsworth Air Force Base in South Dakota will house the bomber’s first training program and squadron, though the bombers are also expected to be stationed at bases in Texas and Missouri.

U.S. Sen. Mike Rounds, a Republican of South Dakota, led the state’s bid to host the bomber program. In a statement, he called it “the most advanced weapon system ever developed by our country to defend ourselves and our allies.”

Northrop Grumman has also incorporated maintenance lessons learned from the B-2, Warden said.

In October 2001, B-2 pilots set a record when they flew 44 hours straight to drop the first bombs in Afghanistan after the Sept. 11 attacks. The B-2 often does long round-trip missions because there are few hangars globally that can accommodate its wingspan, which limits where it can land for maintenance. The hangars also must be air-conditioned because the Spirit’s windows don’t open and hot climates can cook cockpit electronics.

The new Raider will also get new hangars to accommodate its size and complexity, Warden said.
However, with the Raider’s extended range, ’it won’t need to be based in-theater,” Austin said. “It won’t need logistical support to hold any target at risk.”

A final noticeable difference was in the debut itself. While both went public in Palmdale, the B-2 was rolled outdoors in 1988 amid much public fanfare. Given advances in surveillance satellites and cameras, the Raider was just partially exposed, keeping its sensitive propulsion systems and sensors under the hangar and protected from overhead eyes.

“The magic of the platform,” Warden said, “is what you don’t see.”
 
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